Pound End is a mixed coarse fishery in the Norfolk Broads. A bird exclosure was constructed at the site in the mid 1990s to enclose and protect an area of marginal vegetation (Figure 3). This was not intended as a fish refuge but was installed to allow better establishment of aquatic weeds by preventing damage by coots. However, monitoring of the fish populations was also carried out at this site each winter over a number of years and this demonstrated that the bird exclosure was heavily utilised by all the resident species of fish, with significantly higher densities in the exclosure than in the Broad itself. Cormorants regularly frequent this site over the winter months and their presence was suggested as the cause for the apparent use of the exclosure as a refuge. Fish were also recorded moving in and out of the exclosure area, suggesting that they would still be available to anglers.